To be precise, the so-called “explosion” is actually a fire, and the lithium battery ignites spontaneously. So, what is causing the lithium battery to catch fire?

Charging speed too fast

★ The main component of a lithium ion battery is a battery in which a lithium alloy metal oxide is used as a positive electrode material, graphite is used as a negative electrode material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution is used to realize a chemical reaction and supply electric power. When charging, lithium ions are located on the positive electrode and move to the negative electrode during discharge. The principle is simple.

★ The problem is that the movement speed of lithium ions is limited, and once it is exceeded, it becomes unstable, such as a short circuit. Although companies such as Qualcomm are actively promoting fast charging technology, the charging speed needs to meet the limits of lithium ions and create a stable environment through some technologies to prevent short circuit.

★ If this link is not handled well, the short circuit will heat the electrolyte solution and the battery will catch fire.

Electrolytes are key

★ Improving the properties of the electrolyte solution is of positive significance for improving the stability of the lithium battery. For example, some chemists are developing non-flammable electrolytes. Even if lithium ions are overheated and short-circuited, they will not cause spontaneous combustion of the mobile phone. In addition, some more effective alternative materials are under development.

★ For now, mobile phone manufacturers need to consider the security first while developing new fast charging technology. When the user is using the mobile phone, it is best to avoid external force collision and high temperature use. When the mobile phone is hot or not, it is best to shut down and use it.

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